Bauhaus style – characteristics in interior and architecture

Bauhaus style is very focused on in interior design and architecture, it has the typical beauty of the new era. It makes a strong impression with its harmonious layout, has high aesthetic value, helps the interior space become more luxurious and comfortable. So what is this style, what are its special features? Let's find out the details in the following article of XHOME SAIGON!

1. Bauhaus style what?

Bauhaus style, a symbol of modernity and minimalism, stands out for its elimination of unnecessary details, focusing on functionality and aesthetics. This is a design school born in the 20th century, laying the foundation for many later architectural and interior trends.

Every element in Bauhaus space All serve the purpose of serving life, from simple geometric lines to scientifically arranged objects. Article by XHOME Saigon will help you better understand the appearance, identity, and design guidelines of the Bauhaus style this exquisite.

Staatliches Bauhaus, commonly known simply as Bauhaus, is an art school in Germany specializing in handicrafts and fine arts, notable for the design approach that has been introduced and taught. The school has been operating since 1919 to 1933. Bauhaus terminology in German—meaning "building project"—really means “Construction Training Institute”.

On April 12, 4, Google Doodle celebrated the 2019th anniversary of the founding of Bauhaus.

Bauhaus style in art

In the field of art, Bauhaus artists such as Wassily Kandinsky and Paul Klee focused on balance and abstraction.

They were inspired by architecture, so their paintings often incorporated overlapping planes and shapes to evoke depth.

In addition to paintings, artists also create abstract sculptures, contemporary photo collages, and modern posters with bold typography and block colors.

2. History of formation and 14 years of formation Bauhaus style

Bauhaus style originated from a school of art Staatliches of Germany, appeared in the early years of the 20th century. Bauhaus has the following development process:

With the strong development of the modernization and industrialization process in the early stages 20th century With the merger of two famous art schools Grand-Ducal Saxon and Grand Ducal Saxon.

Architect Walter Gropius researched and formed the school Bauhaus architecture in the year 1919 and this style was officially born. 

The most important influences on Bauhaus Modernism, a cultural movement that began in the 1880s, had a distinct presence in Germany before World War I. Innovations in design are often associated with Gropius and Bauhaus – a radical simplification of form, rationality and functional spaces.

This stage, Bauhaus movement expressing creativity in many different fields including: architecture, sculpture and painting. In which architecture focuses on the utility and functionality of furniture. 

Therefore, after a period of development, the core characteristics of Bauhaus style is to focus on simplicity, functionality and efficient layout in design. Bauhaus style has gone through 3 stages of development as follows:

Start: In the context of rapid industrialization and modernization, along with the merger between the Grand-Ducal Saxon Academy of Fine Arts and the Grand Ducal Saxon School of Arts and Crafts, architect Walter Gropius founded the Bauhaus school of architecture.

Development: The school has undergone many changes throughout its history, frequently moving locations and building new facilities. Here are three important stages:

• Weimar (1919-1925): The State Bauhaus in Weimar is where Gropius laid the first foundations for the Bauhaus. He believed that art should serve society and that there should be no division between different disciplines. In Weimar, the “theater workshop” played an important role in education, bringing together the visual and performing arts.
• Dessau (1935-1932): This is considered the peak period of Bauhaus. After Weimar was closed for political reasons, Dessau emerged and opened a new direction in design, with many products welcomed by the public and used to this day.
• Berlin (1932-1933): This was the final phase of the Bauhaus. In October 10, Bauhaus teachers and students regrouped in Berlin from an abandoned factory. However, by July 1932, the Bauhaus was dissolved. In short, the core goal of the Bauhaus was to reconnect art with the process of industrialization.

3. Characteristics of Bauhaus style

Bauhaus It is not just a school of design, it is a revolution of thinking. Below are the core characteristics that make this style so vibrant:

Combining 2 elements of art and aesthetics

The fusion of art and fine art is also a unique feature that only appears at Bauhaus style. This is reflected in the choice of furniture that ensures both functionality and aesthetics. All decorative details in the space are oriented towards a certain symbolic carving style, bearing a strong personal mark and not being duplicated.

Homeowners can make the space more unique by using handmade items to decorate such as: Bamboo and rattan vases, ceramic vases with self-painted patterns,...With this artistic touch, it will definitely give viewers an impression at first sight.

Minimalist space, little furniture

Bauhaus Emphasizing minimalist design, all unnecessary details are eliminated, leaving only the most quintessential lines, using a small amount of furniture but selectively. Often using basic blocks or shapes such as squares, circles, triangles are used thoroughly, creating a pure beauty, without any embellishment. In the space, there are almost no partitions to create an open space, making the house more spacious. Bauhaus leaves design style Very suitable for apartments with modest area. Although simple, it has a harmonious combination and high aesthetic value.

Emphasis on Function in Living Space

Bauhaus Not chasing after superficial beauty, each design must serve a specific purpose. Every detail is carefully calculated to optimize functionality, bringing maximum comfort.

Balanced design in asymmetry

The next feature of Bauhaus style in design is to find balance when using asymmetrical elements. If you have ever seen and paid attention to a little bit of architecture in this style, you will see that the space is combined from similar elements throughout, but has a feeling of not being completely the same. That is the unique asymmetrical feature of Bauhaus architecture.

For example, in a space, two chairs are placed opposite each other but have different materials, designs, and colors. Although asymmetrical, they are very balanced, creating a strong impression and immediately attracting the viewer's attention.

Use strong, original colors

No elaborate mixing, Bauhaus only loyal to the basic colors: red, yellow, blue... along with black and white. This strong contrast creates a deep visual impression, expressing a bold personality. However, when combined with strong colors, the main background color used in the design should still be neutral colors, because this is also the point characteristic of Bauhaus.

Use of industrial materials

Materials are the most recognizable feature in Bauhaus style. In space often used materials include: metals, glass, concrete and other industrial materials. However, not all furniture is made from one material, but they are interwoven and combined to bring harmony to the overall space.

The resort Bauhaus design Preferring to use geometric lines, furniture is often square, triangular, circular, etc.

Design based on Rationalism

Bauhaus style Not letting emotions dominate, every design decision is based on logic and scientific calculation. This ensures that each product achieves optimal efficiency in both aesthetics and function. It is the perfect combination of art and science, between beauty and usefulness.

Although nearly a century has passed, Bauhaus still retains its strong appeal, is an endless source of inspiration for those who love creativity and innovation.

4. The influence of the Bauhaus movement on modern design

Not just a school, Bauhaus has sown revolutionary seeds in the heart of architecture and interior design, which have since blossomed into works and living spaces that bear a timeless mark.

Architecture harmoniously combines shapes and light

Square blocks, straight lines, and open glass surfaces – these are the key notes in the symphony. Bauhaus architecture. No fuss, no frills, every project Bauhaus All display the pure beauty of geometry and light, like an abstract sculpture in the heart of the city.

The spirit of “form follows function” is clearly demonstrated through the reasonable arrangement of space, optimizing the usage. Every detail has a clear purpose, not too much or too little, creating harmony between aesthetics and convenience.

Sophisticated and convenient interior

If architecture Bauhaus is a symphony, then Bauhaus interior are the soft, delicate melodies. Open, airy space, with simple but full of personality furniture.

Wassily Chair with a slim, softly curved steel frame, or a table lamp Wagenfeld With a perfect spherical lampshade and sturdy base, these are typical examples of the philosophy of "less is more" of BauhausEach item is a work of art, both beautiful and convenient, honoring minimalism but not monotonous.

Nowadays, when life becomes more and more chaotic and complicated, Bauhaus philosophy becomes more meaningful. It reminds us of the value of simplicity, of the essentials, helping us find peace and balance in the heart of the modern city.

6. Golden guide for homeowners who love Bauhaus style

Bauhaus, with the philosophy of “form follows function”, it is not only a design style but also a lifestyle that emphasizes minimalism, sophistication and functionality. If you are considering bringing a breath of Bauhaus into your home, keep in mind the following helpful tips from XHOME Saigon:

Learn and explore the Bauhaus style carefully before choosing.

Don't rush into design. Take the time to learn about the history, philosophy, and iconic works of Bauhaus style. This style requires discipline and minimalism. Make sure you are willing to let go of the frills and flashy colors in favor of the pure beauty of shapes and light. Don’t forget to visit museums, exhibitions or Bauhaus works reality to fully feel the spirit of this style.

Plan your needs and budget carefully

What space do you want to design? Living room, bedroom, or the whole apartment? Bauhaus style There are many variations, from classic to modern. Clearly define your usage needs and favorite style to have the appropriate design direction. Bauhaus favors openness and connection. If you choose to design in this style, you will have to accept breaking down unnecessary dividing walls. Design large windows, use thin curtains to let light flood the entire house, bringing a fresh and energetic feeling.

Red, yellow, blue, black and white – Bauhaus color palette Although simple, it has a strong personality. The design and construction unit in this style must use colors sparingly, creating highlights with contrast or subtle monochrome color blocks.